Kindergarten

Apply mathematics to problems arising in everyday life, society, and the workplace.

Use a problem-solving model that incorporates analyzing given information, formulating a plan or strategy, determining a solution, justifying the solution, and evaluating the problem-solving process and the reasonableness of the solution.

Select tools, including real objects, manipulatives, paper and pencil, and technology as appropriate, and techniques, including mental math, estimation, and number sense as appropriate, to solve problems.

Communicate mathematical ideas, reasoning, and their implications using multiple representations, including symbols, diagrams, graphs, and language as appropriate.

Create and use representations to organize, record, and communicate mathematical ideas.

Analyze mathematical relationships to connect and communicate mathematical ideas.

Display, explain, and justify mathematical ideas and arguments using precise mathematical language in written or oral communication.

Count forward and backward to at least 20 with and without objects.

Read, write, and represent whole numbers from 0 to at least 20 with and without objects or pictures.

Count a set of objects up to at least 20 and demonstrate that the last number said tells the number of objects in the set regardless of their arrangement or order.

Recognize instantly the quantity of a small group of objects in organized and random arrangements; Page 2 December 2014 Update.

Generate a set using concrete and pictorial models that represents a number that is more than, less than, and equal to a given number up to 20.

Generate a number that is one more than or one less than another number up to at least 20.

Compare sets of objects up to at least 20 in each set using comparative language.

Use comparative language to describe two numbers up to 20 presented as written numerals.

Compose and decompose numbers up to 10 with objects and pictures.

Model the action of joining to represent addition and the action of separating to represent subtraction.

Solve word problems using objects and drawings to find sums up to 10 and differences within 10.

Explain the strategies used to solve problems involving adding and subtracting within 10 using spoken words, concrete and pictorial models, and number sentences.

Identify U.S. coins by name, including pennies, nickels, dimes, and quarters.

Recite numbers up to at least 100 by ones and tens beginning with any given number.

Identify two-dimensional shapes, including circles, triangles, rectangles, and squares as special rectangles.

Identify three-dimensional solids, including cylinders, cones, spheres, and cubes, in the real world.

Identify two-dimensional components of three-dimensional objects.

Identify attributes of two-dimensional shapes using informal and formal geometric language interchangeably.

Classify and sort a variety of regular and irregular two-and three-dimensional figures regardless of orientation or size.

Create two-dimensional shapes using a variety of materials and drawings.

Give an example of a measurable attribute of a given object, including length, capacity, and weight.

Compare two objects with a common measurable attribute to see which object has more of/less of the attribute and describe the difference.

Collect, sort, and organize data into two or three categories; December 2014 Update Page 3 §111.A. Elementary.

Use data to create real-object and picture graphs.

Draw conclusions from real-object and picture graphs.

Identify ways to earn income.

Differentiate between money received as income and money received as gifts.

List simple skills required for jobs.

Distinguish between wants and needs and identify income as a source to meet one's wants and needs.