• The student uses a variety of word recognition strategies (1)
    • Apply knowledge of letter-sound correspondences, language structure, and context to recognize words.

    • Use dictionaries, glossaries, and other sources to confirm pronunciations and meanings of unfamiliar words.

  • The student acquires vocabulary through reading and systematic word study (2)
    • Expand vocabulary by reading, viewing, listening, and discussing.

    • Determine word meaning by using context.

    • Use spelling, prefixes and suffixes, roots, and word origins to understand meanings.

    • Use reference aids such as a glossary, dictionary, thesaurus, and available technology to determine meanings and pronunciations.

    • Identify analogies, homonyms, synonyms/antonyms, and connotation/denotation.

  • The student reads with fluency and understanding in increasingly demanding texts (3)
    • Read silently for a variety of purposes with comprehension for sustained periods of time.

    • Adjust reading rate based on purposes for reading.

    • Read orally at a rate that enables comprehension.

  • The student comprehends selections using a variety of strategies (4)
    • Use prior knowledge and experience to comprehend.

    • Determine purpose for reading.

    • Self-monitor reading and adjust when confusion occurs by rereading, using resources, and questioning.

    • Summarize texts by identifying main ideas and relevant details.

    • Make inferences such as drawing conclusions and making generalizations or predictions, supporting them with prior experiences and textual evidence.

    • Analyze and use both narrative and expository text structures: sequence, description, problem/solution, compare/contrast, and cause/effect.

    • Make connections and find patterns, similarities, and differences across texts.

    • Construct visual images based on text descriptions.

    • Determine important ideas from texts and oral presentations; Page 16 August 2019 Update.

    • Manage text by using practices such as previewing, highlighting, making marginal notes, notetaking, outlining, and journaling.

    • Use questioning to enhance comprehension before, during, and after reading.

  • The student reads texts to find information on self-selected and assigned topics (5)
    • Generate relevant, interesting, and researchable questions.

    • Locate appropriate print and non-print information using text and technical resources.

    • Organize and record new information in systematic ways to develop notes, charts, and graphic organizers.

    • Communicate information gained from reading.

    • Use compiled information and knowledge to raise additional unanswered questions.

    • Use text organizers such as overviews, headings, and graphic features to locate and categorize information.

  • The student reads for different purposes in varied sources, both narrative and expository (6)
    • Read to enjoy, to complete a task, to gather information, to be informed, to solve problems, to answer questions, to analyze, to interpret, and to evaluate.

    • Read sources such as literature, diaries, journals, textbooks, maps, newspapers, letters, speeches, memoranda, electronic texts, and technical documents.

    • Understand and interpret visual representations.

  • The student formulates and supports responses to various types of texts (7)
    • Respond actively to texts in both aesthetic and critical ways.

    • Respond to text through discussion, journal writing, performance, and visual representation.

    • Support responses by using prior knowledge and experience and/or citing textual evidence which may consist of a direct quotation, paraphrase, or specific synopsis.

  • The student reads critically to evaluate texts in order to determine the credibility of sources (8)
    • Evaluate the credibility of informational sources and their relevance for assigned and self-selected topics.

    • Evaluate how a writer's motivation, stance, or position may affect text credibility, structure, or tone.

    • Analyze aspects of text, such as patterns of organization and choice of language, for persuasive effect.

    • Recognize modes of reasoning, such as induction and deduction.

    • Recognize logical and illogical arguments in text.

  • The student reads to increase knowledge of own culture, the culture of others, and the common elements of cultures (9)
    • Compare text events with personal and other readers' experiences.

    • Recognize and discuss literary themes and connections that cross cultures. August 2019 Update Page 17 §110.B. Middle School.