• Engage in Democratic Processes

    • demonstrate an understanding of the virtues that citizens should use when interacting with each other and the virtues that guide official government institutions.

      • Evaluate various significant documents from the United States and other countries to compare civic virtues and principles of political systems.

      • Evaluate the impact of perspectives, civic virtues, democratic principles, constitutional rights, and human rights on addressing issues and problems in society.

    • demonstrate an understanding of the important institutions of their society and the principles that these institutions are intended to reflect.

      • Evaluate the impact of the structure and powers exercised by local, state, tribal, national, and international institutions on public policy.

      • Analyze the role of informed and responsible citizens in their political systems and provide examples of changes in civic participation over time.

      • Analyze the impact of constitutions, laws, treaties, and international agreements, including the concept of sovereignty, in order to maintain national and international order.

      • Analyze how various governmental powers, responsibilities, and limitations are enacted and have changed over time.

    • demonstrate understanding of the processes and rules by which groups of people make decisions, govern themselves, and address public problems.

      • Analyze historical, contemporary, and emerging means to promote the common good and protect individual rights.

      • Engage in a range of deliberative and democratic processes to develop strategies to address authentic, real-world problems in the community and out-of-school contexts.

  • Analyze and Address Authentic Civic Issues

    • develop skills and practices which demonstrate an understanding that historical inquiry is based on the analysis and evaluation of evidence and its credibility.

      • Develop, investigate and evaluate plausible answers to essential questions that reflect enduring understandings across time and all disciplines.

      • Compare points of agreement and disagreement from reliable information and expert interpretations associated with discipline-based compelling and supporting questions.

      • Reinforce critical thinking by evaluating and challenging ideas and assumptions; analyze and explain inconsistencies in reasoning.

    • demonstrate the ability to investigate problems taking into consideration multiple points of view represented in arguments, structure of an explanation and other sources.

      • Use interdisciplinary lenses to gather and evaluate information regarding complex local, regional, and global problems; assess individual and collective actions taken to address such problems.

      • Demonstrate understanding of content through the development of self-driven investigations and the completion of multi-staged, authentic tasks and assessments.

  • Acquire, Apply, and Evaluate Evidence

    • develop skills and practices which demonstrate an understanding that historical inquiry is based on the analysis and evaluation of evidence and its credibility.

      • Gather, organize, and analyze various kinds of primary and secondary source evidence on related topics, evaluating the credibility of sources.

      • Evaluate the usefulness of primary and secondary sources for specific inquiry, based on the author, date, place of origin, intended audience, and purpose.

      • Develop questions about multiple historical and/or contemporary sources to pursue further inquiry and investigate additional sources.

      • Analyze multiple causation and change over time by constructing and interpreting parallel timelines.

      • Evaluate how multiple, complex events are shaped by unique circumstances of time and place, as well as broader historical contexts.

      • Assess the significance and impact of individuals and groups throughout local, national, tribal, and world history, tracing the continuity of past events to the present.

      • Analyze complex and interacting factors that influence multiple perspectives during different historical eras or contemporary events.

    • demonstrate an understanding of geographic concepts and develop mastery of geographic tools and ways of thinking in order to become geographically informed.

      • Actively engage in asking and answering geographic questions by acquiring, organizing, and analyzing multiple sources of data and information about the world’s past and its present conditions.

      • Compare and analyze complex maps and mapping technologies to explain relationships between the environment and events, past and present.

      • Analyze spatial patterns of human and physical environments, using geographic technology, from contemporary and historical perspectives.

      • Evaluate the extent to which political and economic decisions have had significant historical and global impact on human and physical environments of various places and regions.

      • Analyze the connections between historical events and the geographic contexts in which they have occurred, including the causes and processes of environmental changes over time.

      • Evaluate how globalization and the expanding use of scarce resources contribute to conflict and cooperation.

    • analyze the principles of economic systems and develop an understanding of the benefits of a market system in local, national, and global settings.

      • Evaluate economic data from charts and graphs, noting trends and making predictions.

      • Analyze the ways in which incentives and resource availability influence what is produced and distributed in different types of economic systems.

      • Construct arguments using a combination of evidence for or against an approach or solution to an economic issue.

      • Evaluate the impact of government policies on market outcomes at national and global levels, past and present.

      • Analyze the possible consequences, both intended and unintended, of government policies on markets and international trade.

  • Read Critically and Interpret Informational Sources

    • comprehend, evaluate, and synthesize textual sources to acquire and refine knowledge in the social studies.

      • Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources, evaluating features such as author, date, and origin of information.

      • Analyze information from visual, oral, digital, and interactive texts (e.g. maps, charts, images, political cartoons, videos) in order to draw conclusions and defend arguments.

      • Appropriately apply and demonstrate understanding of academic vocabulary in a social studies context.

    • apply critical reading and thinking skills to interpret, evaluate, and respond to a variety of complex texts from historical, ethnic, and global perspectives.

      • Evaluate the extent to which historical, cultural, and/or global perspectives affect an author’s state or implied purpose.

      • Evaluate authors’ points of view, potential bias, and how authors can reach different conclusions regarding the same issue.

      • Actively listen, evaluate, and analyze a speaker’s message, asking questions while engaged in collaborative discussions and debates about social studies topics and texts.

  • Engage in Evidence-Based Writing

    • summarize and paraphrase, integrate evidence, and cite sources to create written products, research projects, and presentations for multiple purposes related to social studies content.

      • Compose narrative writing, when appropriate to a given purpose or task, citing evidence from informational texts.

      • Compose informative essays and written products, developing a thesis, citing evidence from multiple sources and maintaining an organized, formal structure.

      • Compose argumentative written products, including a precise claim as distinguished from opposing claims, organizing logical reasoning, and providing credible evidence to develop a balanced argument.

      • Write independently over extended periods of time, varying modes of expression to suit audience, purpose, and task; synthesize information across multiple sources and/or articulate new perspectives.

    • engage in authentic inquiry to acquire, refine, and share knowledge through written presentations related to social studies.

      • Develop self-generated theses or claims related to independent research and investigations using credible and relevant sources.

      • Integrate quotes, paraphrase, and summaries of research findings into writing while avoiding plagiarism.

      • Construct visual and/or multimedia presentations, using a variety of media forms to enhance understanding of findings and reasoning, for diverse audiences.