• Engage in Democratic Processes

    • demonstrate an understanding of the virtues that citizens should use when interacting with each other and the virtues that guide official government institutions.

      • Compare and analyze civic virtues and democratic principles in historic and global settings, explaining how they influence various political systems.

      • Analyze the role that perspectives, civic virtues, and democratic principles play when citizens address issues or problems.

    • demonstrate an understanding of the important institutions of their society and the principles that these institutions are intended to reflect.

      • Analyze the powers and responsibilities of the United States government and compare it to other forms of government.

      • Explain specific roles played by informed and responsible citizens (e.g. voters, jurors, taxpayers, military service, office holders) in all forms of government.

      • Examine the origins, purposes and impact of constitutions, laws, treaties, and international agreements.

      • Explain the concept of the rule of law and how limits on government authority guarantee individual liberties.

    • demonstrate understanding of the processes and rules by which groups of people make decisions, govern themselves, and address public problems.

      • Assess specific laws, both actual and proposed, as means of addressing historic and current national and international problems.

      • Apply a range of deliberative and democratic procedures to debate, make decisions, and propose action about authentic, real-world problems in out-of-school contexts.

  • Analyze and Address Authentic Civic Issues

    • develop skills and practices which demonstrate an understanding that historical inquiry is based on the analysis and evaluation of evidence and its credibility.

      • Investigate and propose answers to essential questions representing enduring issues across the social studies disciplines.

      • Compare points of agreement from reliable information and interpretations associated with discipline-based compelling and supporting questions.

      • Develop deeper levels of understanding by questioning ideas and assumptions and identifying inconsistencies or errors in reasoning.

    • demonstrate the ability to investigate problems taking into consideration multiple points of view represented in arguments, structure of an explanation and other sources.

      • Draw upon gathered information to analyze how a specific problem can manifest itself in local, regional, and global levels over time, evaluating options for individual and collective solutions.

      • Demonstrate understanding of social studies content through the development of self-driven investigations and the completion of teacher-led authentic tasks and assessments.

  • Acquire, Apply, and Evaluate Evidence

    • develop skills and practices which demonstrate an understanding that historical inquiry is based on the analysis and evaluation of evidence and its credibility.

      • Gather, compare, and analyze evidence from primary and secondary sources on the same topic, identifying possible bias and evaluating credibility.

      • Draw conclusions regarding the plausible author, date, origin, audience, and purpose of primary sources when not easily identifiable in the source.

      • Use multiple historical or contemporary primary sources to identify further areas of inquiry and additional relevant sources.

      • Distinguish multiple causation, immediate and long-term cause-effect relationships by constructing timelines which reflect related events.

      • Distinguish between long-term causes and triggering events on historical developments or contemporary events.

      • Analyze the roles of specific individuals and groups who shaped historically significant events, both nationally, regionally, and on a global scale.

      • Describe multiple factors that influence the perspectives of individuals and groups during historical eras or toward contemporary situations.

    • demonstrate an understanding of geographic concepts and develop mastery of geographic tools and ways of thinking in order to become geographically informed.

      • Answer geographic questions and conduct investigations by acquiring, organizing, and interpreting information about the modern world and historical events.

      • Use multiple mapping techniques and data visuals to create and analyze spatial patterns of environmental and cultural characteristics.

      • Make connections between spatial patterns of physical and human features of the Earth’s surface by interpreting satellite images and using geographic technology.

      • Explain how cultural patterns, political and economic decisions can affect the physical environment, including how places and regions change over time.

      • Explain the influences of multiple environmental factors on historical events and current situations, which provide both opportunities and limitations on human development.

      • Explain how changes in transportation, communication, and technology affect the diffusion of ideas.

    • analyze the principles of economic systems and develop an understanding of the benefits of a market system in local, national, and global settings.

      • Analyze, interpret, and compare economic data from multiple charts and graphs.

      • Compare the advantages and disadvantages of different types of economic systems.

      • Describe alternative solutions to current economic issues in terms of benefits and costs for different groups.

      • Evaluate how the advancements in technology impact economic growth and standard of living.

      • Explain how trade impacts standard of living and leads to economic interdependence.

  • Read Critically and Interpret Informational Sources

    • comprehend, evaluate, and synthesize textual sources to acquire and refine knowledge in the social studies.

      • Paraphrase the main idea and cite evidence from primary and secondary sources; provide an accurate summary of a source distinct from prior knowledge or opinion.

      • Integrate the use of visual information (e.g. maps, charts, photographs, videos, political cartoons) with textual information from primary and secondary sources.

      • Acquire, determine the meaning, and appropriately use academic vocabulary and phrases used in social studies contexts.

    • apply critical reading and thinking skills to interpret, evaluate, and respond to a variety of complex texts from historical, ethnic, and global perspectives.

      • Analyze works written on the same topic and compare methods the authors use to achieve similar or different purposes.

      • Evaluate textual evidence to determine whether a claim is substantial or unsubstantial.

      • Engage in collaborative discussions and debates about information presented in social studies texts, expressing ideas clearly while building on the ideas of others.

  • Engage in Evidence-Based Writing

    • summarize and paraphrase, integrate evidence, and cite sources to create written products, research projects, and presentations for multiple purposes related to social studies content.

      • Compose narratives incorporating point of view, the use of an appropriate structure of ideas, and application of information.

      • Compose informative essays and other written products about social studies topics, incorporating evidence (e.g. facts, examples, details) from multiple sources, maintaining an organized, formal structure.

      • Compose argumentative written products by introducing a claim, recognizing an opposing viewpoint, and organizing evidence and commentary from credible sources.

      • Write independently over extended periods of time and for shorter time frames, varying modes of expression to suit audience, purpose, and task and/or to analyze different perspectives.

    • engage in authentic inquiry to acquire, refine, and share knowledge through written presentations related to social studies.

      • Refine and formulate viable research questions related to social studies investigations, using well-developed theses or claims.

      • Quote, paraphrase, and summarize findings, avoiding plagiarism.

      • Select, organize, and create presentations using multi-model content (variety of written oral, visual, digital, or interactive texts) encompassing different points of view.